STARR LiDAR Acquisition and Post Processing

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication_Date: 20140113
Title: STARR LiDAR Acquisition and Post Processing
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Description:
Abstract:
This task order is for planning, acquisition, processing, and derivative products of lidar data for Starr Project number 400000096. FEMA Task Order number is HSFE05-11-J-0090. The area of data acquisition is for the entire county of Racine County in Wisconsin. The collection area consists of 332 square miles and was captured to the "Highest" vertical accuracy requirement. Specifications listed below are based on FEMA Procedure Memorandum No. 61 Standards for LiDAR and Other High Quality Digital Topography. This collection specification is the equivalent of a 2 foot contour accuracy, and was collected with a nominal pulse spacing of 1.3 meters. The airborne GPS and IMU data were processed immediately following each mission. In addition, a sample of the LIDAR data was post-processed at the completion of each mission and the data was reviewed to ensure planned data quality and coverage.
Purpose:
The STARR - Racine County project is to provide high accuracy processed LiDAR data in Wisconsin. The project includes re-classification of previously collected LiDAR data to produce LAS files, contours, DTMs, DEMs and Breaklines for a 2 foot contour accuracy. The project consisted of acquisition, post-processing, and classification of LiDAR data. The classified bare-earth data achieved the following: Vertical accuracy achieved for the 332 square miles was of the Highest vertical accuracy at a RMSE Z of 0.481 ft (95% confidence level of less than 0.980 ft) or better in the "Open Terrain" land cover category.
Accuracy statement is based on the area of moderate to flat terrain. Diminished accuracies are to be expected in areas of dense vegetation. The accuracy of the LiDAR data as tested met the vertical accuracy or better, however, derived products may be less accurate in areas of dense vegetation due to a lesser number of points defining the bare-earth in these areas.
Data delivered in NAD 83 Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 16N, NAVD88 GEOID09 Meters
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20100318
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: unknown
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.308
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -87.757
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.844
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.610
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Light Detection and Ranging
Theme_Keyword: LiDAR
Theme_Keyword: Bare Earth LAS
Theme_Keyword: Point Cloud
Theme_Keyword: Contours
Theme_Keyword: Breaklines
Theme_Keyword: DEM
Theme_Keyword: DTM
Theme_Keyword: Swath
Theme_Keyword: Contours
Theme_Keyword: SURVEY
Theme_Keyword: Model Keypoints
Theme_Keyword: LAS
Theme_Keyword: Survey Control
Theme_Keyword: 2 Foot Contour Interval
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: US
Place_Keyword: Racine
Place_Keyword: Racine County
Place_Keyword: WI
Place_Keyword: Area 1
Place_Keyword: Area 2
Place_Keyword: Wisconsin
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
None However, users should be aware that changes may have occurred since this data set was collected in 2010 and that some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions.
Data_Set_Credit: Quantum Spatial
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Processing Programs and versions - TerraSolid TerraScan (version 013.020), TerraModeler (version 013.005) and TerraMatch (version 013.009), Intergraph MicroStation (version 08.05.02.70), and GeoCue (version 2013.1.45.1) GlobalMapper (version 13.2.1)
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The Fundamental Vertical Accuracy (FVA) for the STARR Racine County project was to achieve a RMSE of 0.61 ft (95% confidence level of less than 1.19 ft). 46 control points were in this evaluation.
Logical_Consistency_Report: None
Completeness_Report: Complete
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The Racine County Project was acquired in three (3) missions. The 332 square miles of data was acquired at 1700 meters above ground level (AGL) and has a horizontal accuracy of 0.31 meters.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Ground survey check points were collected by Quantum Spatial for use in data set positional reference and vertical accuracy evaluation. In vertical accuracy evaluation, the ground survey check points of various ground cover categories are compared to vertical values of a Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN) derived from the LiDAR data, differences in elevation are calculated to establish a RMSE.
Two check point ground surveys were made performed between March 2010 - March of 2011 and another survey was performed February 2013. Ground cover categories include Hard Surface, Short Grass, Tall Grass, Brush and Forest. The Fundamental Vertical Accuracy (FVA) of the Raw Swath for the STARR Racine County project achieved a RMSE of 0.495 ft (95% confidence level of less than 0.984 ft in the "Open Terrain" land cover category against the Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN). 46 control points were in this evaluation. The Fundamental Vertical Accuracy (FVA) of the Classified Bare Earth for the STARR Racine County project achieved a RMSE of 0.500 ft (95% confidence level of less than 0.980 ft) in the "Open Terrain" land cover category against the Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN). 46 control points were used in this evaluation. The Supplemental Vertical Accuracy (SVA) of the Low Grass achieved a RMSE of 0.444 ft (95th Percentile of less than 0.751 ft) against the Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN). 44 points were used in this evaluation. The Supplemental Vertical Accuracy (SVA) of the Long Grass achieved a RMSE of 0.485 ft (95th Percentile of less than 0.977 ft) against the Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN). 45 points were used in this evaluation. The Supplemental Vertical Accuracy (SVA) of the Brush achieved a RMSE of 0.466 ft (95th Percentile of less than 0.748 ft) against the Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN). 43 points were used in this evaluation. The Supplemental Vertical Accuracy (SVA) of the Forest achieved a RMSE of 0.507 ft (95th Percentile less than 0.860 ft) against the Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN). 45 points were used in this evaluation. The Consolidated Vertical Accuracy (CVA) of all categories achieved a RMSE of 0.481 ft (95th Percentile of less than 0.920 ft) against the Triangulated Integrated Network (TIN). 223 checkpoints were used in this evaluation.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Quantum Spatial
Publication_Date: 20110401
Title: First Ground Control Survey for Racine County
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20100330
Ending_Date: 20110317
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control
Source_Contribution:
In 2010 Quantum Spatial established ground control survey points in Racine. Two First Order stations, CALEDONIA W and YORKVILLE E, one Third Order, BEAUMONT and eleven SEWRPC Third Order, Class 1 section corner stations: C2-4-22, C36-3-22, N5-4-19, N5-4-20, S25-3-21, S28-4-23, SE20-4-22, SE20-2-19, SE33-3-20, SE34-5-21, and W6-3-19. Horizontal control is referenced to the Wisconsin State Plane Coordinate System South Zone, based on the North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27). Vertical control is based on the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29).
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Quantum Spatial
Publication_Date: 20130501
Title: Second Ground Control Survey for Racine County
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20130211
Ending_Date: 20130215
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Control
Source_Contribution:
In 2013 Quantum Spatial established additional ground control survey points in Racine. Two First Order stations, NGS First Order stations: RAYMOND S GPS, and CALENDONIA W GPS; one SEWRPC Third Order Station DOT AC; and nine SEWRPC Third Order, Class 1 section corner stations: S8-4-21, SE23-3-21, SE23-4-21, SE3-4-20, SE36-4-20, SE9-4-20, SW13-4-22, SW4-4-21, and SW7-3-21. Horizontal control is referenced to the Wisconsin State Plane Coordinate System South Zone, based on the North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27). Vertical control is based on the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29). Final coordinates are transformed and projected to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 16N meters, based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83), and the vertical datum used was North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) US Survey Feet.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Quantum Spatial
Publication_Date: 20110501
Title: Aerial Acquisition of Racine County LiDAR
Type_of_Source_Media: External Hard Drive
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20100318
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Aerial LiDAR Acquisition
Source_Contribution:
The LiDAR data was captured using Quantum Spatial's twin-engine AeroCommander 500 and Cessna 320, fixed wing aircraft equipped with a LiDAR system which incorporates a differential GPS unit and inertial measurement system to provide high accuracy data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Publication_Date: 20131115
Title: LiDAR Processing and derivatives, Racine County LiDAR
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote sensing data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Sheboygan, WI
Publisher: Quantum Spatial, Inc.
Other_Citation_Details: None
Type_of_Source_Media: disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20131001
Ending_Date: 20131110
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Quantum Spatial Processing
Source_Contribution: Processing LiDAR data to produce surface models and products.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Ground based survey points were compared to the LiDAR airborne data points. Two hundred twenty-three survey points were collected throughout Racine County in various ground cover categories.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Ground Survey Acquition
Process_Date: 20131220
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Survey Control Points
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Quantum Spatial
Contact_Person: Chris Guy
Contact_Position: LiDAR Manager
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4020 Technology Parkway
City: Sheboygan
State_or_Province: WI
Postal_Code: 53083-6049
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 920-457-3631
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 920-457-0410
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cguy@quantumspatial.com
Hours_of_Service: Monday - Friday 8:00am to 4:30pm
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The LiDAR data was captured using Quantum Spatial's twin-engine AeroCommander 500 or a Cessna 320 with an Optech ALTM Gemini LiDAR system. This system consists of a Airborne Global Position System (ABGPS), inertial measurement unit (IMU), and laser sensor. The ABGPS collects XYZ coordinates of the laser sensor and the IMU calibrates the orientation of the aircraft. During flight, laser pulses are reflected from features on the surface and the system collects this data. The acquired LiDAR data receives a preliminary review to assure that complete coverage is obtained and to ensure the absence of data gaps.
Acquisition parameters: 1. Scanner - Optech ALTM Gemini LIDAR 2. Flight Height - 1700 meters above ground level 3. Swath Width - 44 degrees 4. Sidelap - 55% 5. Nominal Point Spacing - 1.3m

GPS and IMU processing parameters: 1. Processing Programs and version - Applanix POSPac, version 4.4 2. IMU processing monitored for consistency and smoothness - Yes.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw LiDAR Data
Process_Date: 20131221
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Verified LiDAR Data
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Quantum Spatial
Contact_Person: Chris Guy
Contact_Position: LiDAR Manager
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4020 Technology Parkway
City: Sheboygan
State_or_Province: WI
Postal_Code: 53083-6049
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 920-457-3631
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 920-457-0410
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cguy@quantumspatial.com
Hours_of_Service: Monday - Friday 8:00am to 4:30pm
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Point Cloud Processing: 1. Program and version - Optech ASDA 2. Horizontal Datum - NAD83 3. Horizontal Coordinates - UTM zone 16N, in meters. 4. Vertical Datum - NAVD88 5. Geoid Model used to reduce satellite derived elevations to orthometric heights - Geoid09 (Meters).
LIDAR Processing: 1. Processing Programs and versions - TerraSolid TerraScan (version 013.020), TerraModeler (version 013.005) and TerraMatch (version 013.009), Intergraph MicroStation (version 08.05.02.70), and GeoCue (version 2013.1.45.1) GlobalMapper (version 13.2.1). 2. Point Cloud data is imported to TerraScan in a Microstation V8 (V) CAD environment on a specified 1500m by 1500m tiling scheme 3. Analyze the data for overall completeness and consistency. This is to ensure that there are no voids in the data collection. 4. QC (Quality Control) for calibration errors in the dataset. This is accomplished by sampling the data collected accross all flight lines and classify the individual lines to ground. The software will use the ground-classified lines to compute corrections (Heading, Pitch, Roll, and Scale). 5. Orientation corrections (i.e. Calibration corrections) are then applied (if needed) to the entire dataset. 6. Automatic ground classification is performed using algorithms with customized parameters to best fit the project area. Several areas of varying relief and planimetric features were inspected to verify the final ground surface. 7. Quantum Spatial provided Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) data for this project. Quantum Spatial processed QA/QC points in 'open terrian' land cover category that were used to test the accuracy of the LiDAR ground surface. TerraScan's Output Control Report (OCR) was used to compare the QAQC data to the LIDAR data. This routine searches the LIDAR dataset by X and Y coordinate, finds the closest LIDAR point and compares the vertical (Z) values to the known data collected in the field. Based on the QAQC data, a bias adjustment was determined, and the results were applied to the LIDAR data. 8. Once the automatic processing and testing of LiDAR is complete, Quantum Spatial meticulously reviews the generated bare-earth surface data to insure that proper classification was achieved as part of a Quality Control process. Point classification follows the standard established by The American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS).
Class 1 Unclassified
Code 2 Ground
Code 7 Low Points
Code 8 Model Key Points
Code 9 Water Code 10 Ignored Ground Code 12 Overlap 9. Linework is created of water bodies and drainage. A routine is used to drape line work following monotonic elevation change of drainage. 10. Final deliverables are generated and output to a client specified PLSS tiling scheme.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Verified LiDAR Data
Process_Date: 20131230
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Model Keypoints
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Quantum Spatial
Contact_Person: Chris Guy
Contact_Position: LiDAR Manager
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4020 Technology Parkway
City: Sheboygan
State_or_Province: WI
Postal_Code: 53083-6049
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 920-457-3631
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 920-457-0410
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cguy@quantumspatial.com
Hours_of_Service: Monday - Friday 8:00am to 4:30pm
Cloud_Cover: Unknown
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 16N
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
False_Easting: 500000
False_Northing: 0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.01
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.01
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.25722210088
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method:
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20140112
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Quantum Spatial
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
Address: 4020 Technology Parkway
City: Sheboygan
State_or_Province: WI
Postal_Code: 53083
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-920-457-3631
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-920-457-0410
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jyoung@quantumspatial.com
Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (Central Time)
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Generated by mp version 2.9.6 on Mon Jan 13 12:21:14 2014